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| View | 1 | Large: highlight01_slide00_xl.png Small: highlight01_slide00.png |
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| View | 2 | The Amazon River delivers millions of gallons of water to the… | Large: highlight01_slide01_xl.png Small: highlight01_slide01.png |
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| View | 3 | Amazon plumes can also create a thin surface layer that inhibits… | Large: highlight01_slide02_xl.gif Small: highlight01_slide02.gif |
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| View | 4 | Salinity data have revealed that extreme floods on land can… | Large: highlight01_slide03_xl.png Small: highlight01_slide03.png |
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| View | 5 | Salinity satellites can help to determine the fate of flood… | Large: highlight01_slide04_xl.png Small: highlight01_slide04.png |
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| View | 2 | Hurricanes intensify as they travel over warm ocean water, threatening… | Large: highlight02_slide01_xl.png Small: highlight02_slide01.png |
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| View | 3 | Around 70% of hurricanes that finally reached Category 5… | Large: highlight02_slide02_xl.png Small: highlight02_slide02.png |
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| View | 4 | These plumes can extend thousands of miles offshore. Their waters… | Large: highlight02_slide03_xl.png Small: highlight02_slide03.png |
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| View | 5 | The Amazon/Orinoco River plume extent changes not only over… | Large: highlight02-hurricane_path-2560.gif Small: highlight02-hurricane_path-1300.gif |
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| View | 1 | Large: highlight02_slide00_xl.png Small: highlight02_slide00.png |
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| View | 1 | Large: highlight03_slide00_xl.png Small: highlight03_slide00.png |
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| View | 2 | 36 billion metric tons of CO2 is emitted into our… | Large: highlight03_slide01_xl.png Small: highlight03_slide01.png |
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| View | 4 | Salinity data are key for assessing ocean acidification. Routine… | Large: highlight03_slide03_xl.png Small: highlight03_slide03.png |
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| View | 3 | Ocean acidification - climate change's equally "evil twin" -… | Large: highlight03_slide02_xl.png Small: highlight03_slide02.png |
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| View | 4 | Total alkalinity correlates strongly with salinity allowing… | Large: highlight03_alk_2560.gif Small: highlight03_alk_1300.gif |
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| View | 1 | Large: highlight04_slide01_xl.png Small: highlight04_slide01.png |
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| View | 4 | Exploiting the connection between salinity ocean-to-land moisture… | Large: highlight04_slide02_xl.png Small: highlight04_slide02.png |
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| View | 2 | Evaporation from our ocean drives the global water cycle. It… | Large: highlight04_slide03_xl.png Small: highlight04_slide03.png |
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| View | 3 | Water evaporating from the ocean sustains precipitation on land… | Large: highlight04_slide04_xl.png Small: highlight04_slide04.png |
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| View | 1 | Large: highlight05_rotator_intro_high_latitude_01.jpg Small: highlight05_rotator_intro_high_latitude_small_01.jpg |
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| View | 2 | Salinity is an important - but poorly studied - component of… | Large: highlight05_rotator_arctic_ice_02.jpg Small: highlight05_rotator_arctic_ice_small_02.jpg |
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| View | 3 | Salinity is a key ingredient in the layering of high-latitude… | Large: highlight05_rotator_antarctica_moonlight_03.png Small: highlight05_rotator_antarctica_moonlight_small_03.png |
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| View | 4 | Detecting cold-water salinity from space has been challenging.… | Large: highlight05_rotator_smos_aq_smap_04.png Small: highlight05_rotator_smos_aq_smap_small_04.png |
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| View | 1 | Large: highlight06_rotator_oscillation_dipole0.jpg Small: highlight06_rotator_oscillation_dipole_small0.jpg |
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| View | 2 | Ocean-atmosphere oscillations create El Niño conditions, bringing… | Large: highlight06_rotator_oscillation_dipole1.jpg Small: highlight06_rotator_oscillation_dipole_small1.jpg |
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| View | 3 | In other areas, severe droughts caused by El Niño events can… | Large: highlight06_rotator_oscillation_dipole2.jpg Small: highlight06_rotator_oscillation_dipole_small2.jpg |
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| View | 4 | El Niño's "cousin," the Indian Ocean Dipole, has sparked drought… | Large: highlight06_rotator_oscillation_dipole3.jpg Small: highlight06_rotator_oscillation_dipole_small3.jpg |
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| View | 5 | The Indian Ocean Dipole can also strengthen monsoons, leading… | Large: highlight06_rotator_oscillation_dipole4.jpg Small: highlight06_rotator_oscillation_dipole_small4.jpg |
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| View | 1 | Large: highlight07-rotator-01_xl.png Small: highlight07-rotator-01.png |
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| View | 2 | Our ocean consists of water masses separated by fronts that… | Large: highlight07-rotator-02_xl.jpg Small: highlight07-rotator-02.jpg |
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| View | 3 | Each of these habitats occupies a distinct water mass characterized… | Large: highlight07-rotator-03_xl.jpg Small: highlight07-rotator-03.jpg |
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| View | 5 | ...usually coinciding with major biogeographical boundaries… | Large: highlight07-rotator-05_xl.jpg Small: highlight07-rotator-05.jpg |
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| View | 4 | Fronts are among the most ecologically important circulation… | Large: highlight07-rotator-04_xl.jpg Small: highlight07-rotator-04.jpg |
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| View | 6 | Satellite salinity data can be used to identify fronts, for… | Large: highlight07-rotator-06_xl.jpg Small: highlight07-rotator-06.jpg |
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| View | 1 | Large: highlight08-rotator_seasons01.jpg Small: highlight08-rotator_seasons_small01.jpg |
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| View | 2 | We observe seasons all around us – flowering spring, hot… | Large: highlight08-rotator_seasons02.jpg Small: highlight08-rotator_seasons_small02.jpg |
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| View | 3 | Not only do we see seasonal change in ocean temperature and… | Large: highlight08-rotator_seasons03.jpg Small: highlight08-rotator_seasons_small03.jpg |
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| View | 4 | Seasonal changes in salinity are caused by cycles in evaporation… | Large: highlight08-rotator_seasons04.jpg Small: highlight08-rotator_seasons_small04.jpg |
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| View | 5 | Salinity seasonality can be caused by inputs of freshwater into… | Large: highlight08-rotator_seasons05.jpg Small: highlight08-rotator_seasons_small05.jpg |
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| View | 6 | Variations in salinity can also be caused by seasonal changes… | Large: highlight08-rotator_seasons06.jpg Small: highlight08-rotator_seasons_small06.jpg |
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| View | 1 | Pioneering Salinity Measurements | Aquarius was NASA's first satellite-based instrument to detect… | Large: salinity_rotator_lg_pioneering.jpg Small: salinity_rotator_sm_pioneering.jpg |
| View | 2 | Global Data | Aquarius and SMAP have produced a wealth of data products. In… | Large: salinity_rotator_lg_global_data.jpg Small: salinity_rotator_sm_global_data.jpg |
| View | 8 | Salinity and Stratification at the Sea Ice Edge (SASSIE) | SASSIE collected data from sea to sky! | Large: salinity_rotator_lg_sassie.jpg Small: salinity_rotator_sm_sassie.jpg |
| View | 12 | How Does Salinity Affect Our Lives? | Visit our "Highlights" section to learn about the societal relevance… | Large: salinity_rotator_lg_salinity_affect_lives.jpg Small: salinity_rotator_sm_salinity_affect_lives.jpg |
| View | 13 | How Salty (or Fresh) Are You? | Take our four-question quiz to discover which habitat and organism… | Large: salinity_rotator_quiz_lg.jpg Small: salinity_rotator_quiz_sm.jpg |
| View | 14 | Learn More About Salinity | Explore thematic salinity-related resources including hands-on… | Large: salinity_rotator_lg_learn_more.jpg Small: salinity_rotator_sm_learn_more.jpg |
| View | 15 | Field Campaigns | NASA's salinity program spans from sea to space. For example,… | Large: salinity_rotator_lg_campaigns.jpg Small: salinity_rotator_sm_campaigns.jpg |
| View | 15 | How Salty Seas Impact Midwest Rainfall | Live interview with Dr. Ray Schmitt on the Weather Channel about… | Large: salinity_rotator_lg_schmitt.jpg Small: salinity_rotator_sm_schmitt_600x400.png |
| View | 12 | More Salt = Less Warming? | When it comes to climate change, higher salinity may actually… | Large: salinity_rotator_lg_more_salt_less_warming.jpg Small: salinity_rotator_sm_more_salt_less_warming.jpg |
| View | 1 | Large: highlight09_rotator_water01.jpg Small: highlight09_rotator_water01_small.jpg |
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| View | 2 | As the water cycle accelerates over time, some dry areas are… | Large: highlight09_rotator_water02.jpg Small: highlight09_rotator_water02_small.jpg |
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| View | 3 | ...and "ocean deserts" are getting saltier from increased evaporation.… | Large: highlight09_rotator_water03.jpg Small: highlight09_rotator_water03_small.jpg |
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| View | 4 | As climate changes, some wet areas are getting wetter... | Large: highlight09_rotator_water04.jpg Small: highlight09_rotator_water04_small.jpg |
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| View | 5 | ...resulting in increased "freshening" in ocean rain belts. | Large: highlight09_rotator_water05.jpg Small: highlight09_rotator_water05_small.jpg |
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| View | 6 | But salinity doesn't just passively reflect freshwater entering… | Large: highlight09_rotator_water06.jpg Small: highlight09_rotator_water06_small.jpg |
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| View | 7 | ...it can impact seawater's density and the currents that move… | Large: highlight09_rotator_water07.jpg Small: highlight09_rotator_water07_small.jpg |
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| View | 8 | ...particularly at depths where shifts in "overturning" circulation… | Large: highlight09_rotator_water08.jpg Small: highlight09_rotator_water08_small.jpg |
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| View | 6 | Sensing Salinity Near the Edge | Measuring the saltiness of our polar oceans from space requires… | Large: salinity_rotator_lg_sensing_near_edge.jpg Small: salinity_rotator_sm_sensing_near_edge.jpg |
| View | 10 | Water Cycle Synergy | Rain reigns... but soil moisture and ocean saltiness play key… | Large: salinity_rotator_lg_water_cycle_synergy.jpg Small: salinity_rotator_sm_water_cycle_synergy_600x400.png |
| View | 2 | The ocean hosts 99% of all living space on earth. | Large: rotator_highlight10_slide1.jpg Small: rotator_highlight10_slide1.jpg |
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| View | 3 | Marine organisms range from microscopic viruses to giant blue… | Large: rotator_highlight10_slide2.jpg Small: rotator_highlight10_slide2.jpg |
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| View | 4 | Each organism has specific needs in terms of habitat and food… | Large: rotator_highlight10_slide3.jpg Small: rotator_highlight10_slide3.jpg |
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| View | 5 | Salinity plays a role in where many organisms live in the ocean.… | Large: rotator_highlight10_slide4.jpg Small: rotator_highlight10_slide4.jpg |
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| View | 6 | Sea surface salinity data help researchers determine likely… | Large: rotator_highlight10_slide5.jpg Small: rotator_highlight10_slide5.jpg |
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| View | 1 | Large: rotator_highlight10_slide0.jpg Small: rotator_highlight10_slide0.jpg |
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| View | 9 | The Saga of Sargassum | Salinity is helping scientists better understand and track this… | Large: salinity_rotator_lg_sargassum.jpg Small: salinity_rotator_sm_sargassum.jpg |
| View | 4 | RFI in Open Ocean Observations | Radiofrequency Interference (RFI) has re-emerged as a problem… | Large: salinity_rotator_lg_rfi.jpg Small: salinity_rotator_sm_rfi.jpg |
| View | 1 | Large: rotator_highlight11_slide0_v3.jpg Small: rotator_highlight11_slide0_v3.jpg |
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| View | 2 | The ocean and sky are intricately linked through the exchange… | Large: rotator_highlight11_slide1.jpg Small: rotator_highlight11_slide1.jpg |
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| View | 3 | These exchanges between the ocean and sky can be observed as… | Large: rotator_highlight11_slide2.jpg Small: rotator_highlight11_slide2.jpg |
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| View | 4 | Sometimes a large rainstorm can increase sea surface salinity…… | Large: rotator_highlight11_slide3.jpg Small: rotator_highlight11_slide3.jpg |
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| View | 5 | …and sometimes the weakening of a large storm, like a… | Large: rotator_highlight11_slide4.jpg Small: rotator_highlight11_slide4.jpg |
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| View | 6 | How? The answer is blowing in the wind. Wind plays a key role… | Large: rotator_highlight11_slide5.jpg Small: rotator_highlight11_slide5.jpg |
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| View | 11 | Bellwether for Water Cycle Changes | Why it's important to monitor salinity changes along our coasts… | Large: salinity_rotator_lg_fournier_2023.jpg Small: salinity_rotator_sm_fournier_2023.jpg |
| View | 8 | Salt & the Wind | Exploring ties between wind, ocean layers and dissolved salt… | Large: salinity_rotator_lg_saltwind.jpg Small: salinity_rotator_sm_saltwind.jpg |
| View | 10 | A Fresh Perspective | Synergies between art and science to spread awareness of marine… | Large: salinity_rotator_lg_heatwaves_art.jpg Small: salinity_rotator_sm_heatwaves_art.jpg |
| View | 1 | Large: Mesoscale_title_v2.jpg Small: Mesoscale_title_v2.jpg |
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| View | 2 | Cyclones and hurricanes swirl in the atmosphere; mesoscale eddies… | Large: Mesoscale_rotator1.jpg Small: Mesoscale_rotator1.jpg |
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| View | 3 | Eddies are critical to understanding ocean currents and physical… | Large: Mesoscale_rotator2.jpg Small: Mesoscale_rotator2.jpg |
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| View | 4 | Eddies are important ocean features that distribute salt and… | Large: Mesoscale_rotator3.jpg Small: Mesoscale_rotator3.jpg |
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| View | 5 | …and can provide a biological oasis, bringing highly productive… | Large: Mesoscale_rotator4.jpg Small: Mesoscale_rotator4.jpg |
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| View | 6 | Satellite instruments can be used to spot eddies by looking… | Large: Mesoscale_rotator5.jpg Small: Mesoscale_rotator5.jpg |
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| View | 9 | Highlights: Mesoscale Eddies | Explore ocean motion at the "middle" scale | Large: EddyHighlight_Rotator.jpg Small: EddyHighlight_Rotator_sm.jpg |
| View | 8 | Salt on a Budget | Which factors impact how ocean saltiness varies from season… | Large: salinity_rotator_lg_hochet_2025.jpg Small: salinity_rotator_sm_hochet_2025.jpg |
| View | 7 | Tunnel Vision | How deep ocean connections may provide insight into our future… | Large: salinity_rotator_lg_hersh_2025.jpg Small: salinity_rotator_sm_hersh_2025.jpg |
| View | 5 | An Ocean in Motion | NASA's Mesmerizing View of Earth's Underwater Highways | Large: salinity_rotator_lg_underwater_highways.jpg Small: salinity_rotator_sm _underwater_highways.jpg |
| View | 3 | More Intense Seasons? Check the Salt | Salinity observations from satellites support predictions of… | Large: salinity_rotator_lg_bingham_2025.jpg Small: salinity_rotator_sm_bingham_2025.jpg |